uthman ibn affan physical description

Physical appearance of Uthman. Umar belonged to a family of average class, but he was able to become literate, and was well known for his physical strength, becoming a . In his book History of the Caliphs, Jalaluddin Suyuti records on the authority of Ibn Asakir that Uthman was of medium stature, neither short, nor tall. Islam provides us with a blueprint of the human soul for this very purpose. [15] This represented a great psychological victory for Uthman. ʻUthmān ibn ʻAffān, d. 656, 3rd Caliph. Uthman enjoyed fame as one of the most beautiful men in Makkah. Dalail An-Nabuwwah ʿUthmān was born into the rich and powerful Umayyad clan of Mecca, and he became a wealthy merchant. The military campaigns under Uthman's rule were generally successful, except for a few in the kingdom of Nubia, on the lower Nile. The rebels understood that, after the Hajj, the Muslims, gathered at Mecca from all parts of the Muslim world, might march to Medina to relieve Uthman. Umar, on his deathbed formed a committee of six people to choose the next caliph from amongst themselves. [75][failed verification], The funeral prayers were led by Jabir bin Muta'am, and the dead body was lowered into the grave with little ceremony. [46][47][48][49][50], In Hijri year 31 (c. 651), Uthman sent Abdullah ibn Zubayr and Abdullah ibn Saad to reconquer the Maghreb, where he met the army of Gregory the Patrician, Exarch of Africa and relative of Heraclius, which is recorded to have numbered between 120,000 and 200,000 soldiers,[51] Although another estimate was recorded, Gregory's army was put at 20,000. But despite this, according to Wilferd Madelung, he was chosen by the electors as the only strong counter candidate to Ali as he alone could to some extent rival Ali's close kinship ties with Muhammad. His complexion was white with a yellowish tinge. Abdullah b Hazm al Mazini said about him that he had never seen a man of more beautiful face than that of Uthman. His complexion was white with a yellowish tinge. [79] Wilferd Madelung discredits the alleged role of Abdullah ibn Saba in the rebellion against Uthman and observes that few if any modern historians would accept Sayf's legend of Ibn Saba.[80]. When Uthman was asked, he voted for Ali, Zubayr said for Ali or Uthman and Saad said for Uthman. He was born into a family in the Banu Zuhura clan, part of the tribe of Quraish. Tamhīd wa-al-bayān fī maqtal al-shahīd . Accordingly, Uthman's supporters later buried him in the Jewish graveyard behind Jannat al-Baqi. Wadāʻan . He had a very beautiful face, so beautiful that Hazrat Musa Ibn Talhah(may Allah be pleased with him) said,"Uthman ibn Affan was the most beautiful of people" He had a fair complexion with a shade of red. The Muslim tradition attribute the breakdown which occurred during his reign to the personal defects of Uthman. The man who was so loved by the people that mothers sang lullabies to their children about him, and so loved by the Prophet (saw) that he would marry two of his daughters. It was narrated that Hani', the freed slave of 'Uthman Ibn 'Affan, may Allaah be pleased with them, said: "When 'Uthman Ibn 'Affan.. More; Hinduism -II Consequently, this more independent policy allowed more expansion until Sindh, in modern Pakistan, which had not been touched during the tenure of Umar. Some decades later, the Umayyad rulers demolished the wall separating the two cemeteries and merged the Jewish cemetery into the Muslim one to ensure that his tomb was now inside a Muslim cemetery. Rebels there had been issuing propaganda in favour of making Ali caliph. [67] With the departure of the pilgrims from Medina to Mecca, the rebel position was strengthened further, and as a consequence the crisis deepened. SERMON 33 At the time of setting off for the Battle of Jamal I dedicate this work to the pioneers of recording the Hadith from the past generations, and to those who follow their steps in principles, course and belief, and to men of the Shariah—students, teachers and researchers, and to everyone ... Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Thirteen-year-old Tom, an unhappy foster child in Liverpool, falls into a massive open grave and is transported to Ireland in 1847, where he finds himself in the midst of the deadly potato famine. The focus on this word has only increased in the past 20 years, mainly as an after-effect of violent groups around the world that claim to commit many types of heinous actions under the banner of Islam and Jihad. Other prominent Muslim historians, like Ibn Kathir,[55] have quoted the same narration. Uthman Ibn Affan Dr. Ali Muhammad Sallaabee The Siege of Mecca Audio Book . Attitude in connection with 'Uthman ibn'Affan's killing. The first six years were times of relative tranquillity and peace, however the last years of his reign were marred by internal conflict, and pockets of rebels trying to cause havoc throughout the . [16][17]:235–236 As Uthman already had some business contacts in Abyssinia, he continued to practice his profession as a trader and he continued to flourish. Descriptions of the Final Judgement and Heaven/Hell Critiques of Jewish and Christian Theology 'Ali b. Abu Talib* . Thus, if you conquer it, you will have the honor of taking the first step towards the conquest of Constantinople. Uthman Ibn Affan (ra): The Possessor of Two Lights | The Firsts. [86], Uthman was a family man[24] who led a simple life even after becoming the caliph, despite the fact that his flourishing family business had made him rich. Though he fled by the time the army returned, Muhammad ordered his pursuit and execution. By Dr. Ali Muhammad As-Sallabi In today's crisis-ridden world, amidst the numerous internal and external forces striking at the roots of Islam, Muslims are truly hard pressed to find strong and competent leaders. The economic reforms introduced by Uthman had far-reaching effects; Muslims, as well as non-Muslims of the Rashidun Empire, enjoyed an economically prosperous life during his reign. 2.Conversion to Islam and After 3.Life in Madina. Did you know that the cause of the disease is not caused by diet and heredity? Did you know that the character can cause a disease? So, knowledge of the morals and the causes of illness in this book. Disease causes are not food or heredity. [66], The early stage of the siege of Uthman's house was not severe, but, as the days passed, the rebels intensified the pressure against Uthman. 4.Treaty of Hudaibiyah. As a result of his policies, ʿUthmān was opposed by the army, and he was often dominated by his relatives—unlike ʿUmar, who had been strong enough to impose his authority on the governors, whatever their clan or tribe. Omissions? This magnificent volume explores the epochal transformations and unexpected continuities in the Byzantine Empire from the 7th to the 9th century. But, the causes lie far deeper and the guilt of Uthman lay in his failure to recognize, control or remedy them. [18], After four years, the news spread among the Muslims in Abyssinia that the Quraysh of Mecca had accepted Islam, and this acceptance persuaded Uthman, Ruqayya and 39 Muslims to return. Rasulullah salla Llahu 'alayhi wa sallam passed away while pleased with him. Jihad is a word that has gained a lot of fame over the past couple of decades. [62], In 655, Uthman directed those with any grievance against the administration, as well as the governors and "Amils" throughout the caliphate, to assemble at Mecca for the Hajj, promising that all legitimate grievances would be redressed. Tamhīd wa-al-bayān fī maqtal al-shahīd ʻUthmān. This contributed to unrest in the empire and finally Uthman had to investigate the matter in an attempt to ascertain the authenticity of the rumours. [22][23] Uthman thus became one of the earliest converts to Islam, following Ali, Zayd, Abu Bakr and a few others. The agents sent to Kufa, Basra and Syria reported that all was well—the people were generally satisfied with the administration, although some individuals had minor personal grievances. [88], Perhaps the most significant act of Uthman was allowing Muawiya and Abdullah ibn Saad, governors respectively of Syria and Northern Africa, to form the first integrated Muslim navy in the Mediterranean Sea, rivalling the maritime domination of the Byzantine Empire. Furthermore, we can learn a lot about the Prophet's life, stories of wars during his era, and his bravery. This book is packed with interesting illustration, important events, and values from the events. Musa b Talha is reported to have said that Uthman was the most comely of men. His election was at once their victory and their opportunity. Although, Imam . Join. Spain had first been invaded some sixty years earlier during the caliphate of Uthman. ʿUthmān followed the same general policies as ʿUmar but had a less forceful personality than his predecessor. Consequently, the morale of Byzantine army started crumbling and soon they were routed.[51]. In this article, we present a brief-biography of the third caliph Uthman ibn Affan (R.A.) 'Dhun-Nurain' to extract lessons and examples from the sides of this unique character. In it Ali told people what to expect under his Caliphate. The two books which compose 'Umar ibn al-Khattâb: His Life and Times are sold together as a set. They belong in Part II of the Islamic History Series, as the second set of The Rightly Guided Caliphs. He was noticeably active in Syria, Iraq and Egypt in particular. Uthman ibn Affan. SayyidinaUthman (may Allah be pleased with him) was of middle stature, not being short nor tall. Uthman realized there was a considerable commercial opportunity to promote trade among Muslims and soon established himself as a trader in Medina. According to Islamic belief, it is a literal transcript of God's speech, revealed to Muhammad through Gabriel to be recited to his community. The orders were carried out. [32], Uthman was a rich merchant who used his wealth to support Islam yet at no time before his caliphate had he displayed any qualities of leadership or actually led an army. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. [27][28][29][30][31], Uthman had a very close relationship with Abu Bakr, as it was due to him that Uthman had converted to Islam. [84] He is said to have had large limbs, with fleshy shins and long, hairy forearms. The army felt dissatisfied at this decision, but Umar suppressed the opposition with a strong hand. The exact date is disputed: both 576 and 583 are indicated. Support JVL. Although raids by Berbers and Muslims were conducted against the Visigothic Kingdom in Spain during the late 7th century, there is no evidence that Spain was invaded nor that parts of it were conquered or settled by Muslims prior to the 711 campaign by Tariq. [74], Naila followed the funeral with a lamp, but, in order to maintain secrecy, the lamp had to be extinguished. Dar-Salam.org "He was white-skinned, skinny, with thin cheeks. In this book, Dr. As-Sallabi presents the life of the third caliph of Islam, `Uthman ibn `Affan, رضی الله عنهُ and highlights his great achievements, as well the issues and turmoil that he faced due to the hypocrisy movement that plagued the Muslim society. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. The tribe was the principle form of social and political organization. Aug 8, 2021 - Ali Ibn Abi Talib. There were faint marks of small pox on his face, which instead of disfiguring the comeliness of his appearance, added to his beauty. Ali Ibn Abi Talib - He grew up in the Prophet's (pbuh) home and accepted Islam when he was ten years old. Uthman Ibn Affan (ra), the third Caliph of Islam ruled for twelve years, the longest among the rightly guided Caliphs. All Rights Reserved. Umar was born in Mecca around 581 to the Adi clan of the Quraish tribe. Join our mailing list. He was known as the leader of the faithful and ruled for approximately 12 years. "[87], The general opinion of the Sunni Muslim community and Sunni historians regarding Uthman's rule were positive, particularly regarding his leniency; in their view, his alleged nepotism concerned the kinsmen he appointed, such as Muawiya and Abdullah ibn Aamir, proven to be effective in both military and political management. Teachings advocates abandoning an unhealthy diet and altering a sedentary lifestyle, but this book goes beyond the mere physical aspects of health. [56], To the east, Ahnaf ibn Qais, chief of Banu Tamim and a veteran commander who conquered Shustar earlier, launched a series of further military expansions by further mauling Yazdegerd III near Oxus River in Turkmenistan[57][58] and later crushing a military coalition of Sassanid loyalists and Hephthalite Empire in the Siege of Herat. If you follow any of them, you will be guided to the right path.” In the light of this saying of the Prophet, the stories of the Sahabah act as guidance and a source of spiritual uplift for all of us. Each part reflects a different aspect of the psyche, although they interact with each other in ways that overlap. [8] Thus, he was also brother-in-law of the fourth Rāshidun Caliph Ali whose own wife, Fātimah, was Muhammad's youngest daughter. Abdul Muttalib had ten sons. Under Umar, it had been laid down as a policy that the lands in conquered territories were not to be distributed among the combatants, but were to remain the property of the previous owners. 'Abd-Allah ibn Saba', who is also known as Ibn al-Sawda', was a Jew from San'a who appeared outwardly to have become Muslim at the time of 'Uthman ibn 'Affan. Uthman wasn't completely plain and simple, however: he built a palace for himself in Medina, known as Al-Zawar, with a notable feature being doors of precious wood. With hard work and honesty, his business flourished, making him one of the richest men in Medina. Description of Paradise by Imaam Ibn al-Qayyim. Thus much of the treasure received by the central government went to ʿUthmān’s family and to other provincial governors rather than to the army. Abû Rajâ', Qutaybah bin Sa'îd informed us; from Mâlik bin Anas; from Rabî'ah bin Abû 'Abdur-Rahmân; that he heard Anas bin Mâlik (RA) saying, The Messenger of Allâh (SAW) was neither very tall, such that he would be clearly noticed, nor was he short. This series facilitates the Muslim youth with authentic information related to the history of Islam and its glory days and gives them a perspective to compare with the general Islamic information found online. Sayyidina Talhah ibn Ubaidullah. He continued the conquests that had steadily increased the size of the Islamic empire, but the victories now came at a greater cost and brought less wealth in return. [22], In about AD 650, Uthman began noticing slight differences in pronunciation of the Quran as Islam expanded beyond the Arabian Peninsula into Persia, the Levant, and North Africa. Ali belonged to the clan of banu hashim, the most distinguished clan in all Arabia; and in Banu Hashim, he belonged to the most distinguished family - the family of Abdul Muttalib. 574AD - 656 AD) (Caliphate: 644AD - 656 AD) Preface: This is only a summary of the life of Uthman ibn Affan RA and does not cover all the points of his life story. It was the first time that western Balochistan had come directly under the laws of the Caliphate and it paid an agricultural tribute.[60][61]. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Uthman-ibn-Affan, Jewish Virtual Library - Biography of Uthman ibn Affan. Uthman Ibn Affan - He was considered the most modest of the Sahaba and even the angels would feel shy around him. Shams Al Deen Mohamed ibn Ahmed ibn Othman Al Dhahabi, a well-known historian also of the 13th century, says in his famous book Siyar A'alaam Al Nubalaa, "When the Arabs say that a person . [13], His father, Affan, died at a young age while travelling abroad, leaving Uthman with a large inheritance. Abdul Malik Mujahid Muharram 23, 1433 Darussalam, Riyadh December 18, 2011 Uthmân ibn Affan The Earlv Life of Uthmân ibn Affan U thmân and These achievements gave birth to the first Muslim standing navy, thus enabling the first Muslim maritime conquest of Cyprus[89][90] and Rhodes. This well-researched text covers all important features of the Prophet's life and provides detailed reference where necessary. During the Ridda wars (Wars of Apostasy), Uthman remained in Medina, acting as Abu Bakr's adviser. The Daws lived in the region of Tihamah which stretches along the coast of the Red Sea in southern Arabia. Uthman was married to Prophet Muhammad's daughter Ruqayyah and when she died, he married Muhammad's other daughter, Umm Kulthum.Uthman ibn Affan RA was hence,called the possessor of two lights, Dhun-Noorayn. ʿUthmān is critically important in Islamic history because his death marked the beginning of open religious and political conflicts within the Islamic community (see fitnah). Nevertheless, Uthman and Ruqayya re-settled in Mecca. He was of a comely aspect. He was known as the leader of the faithful and ruled for approximately 12 years. A bu-Bakr's (Radi Allahu Anhu - may Allah be pleased with him) name was Abdullah ibn 'Uthman ibn 'Amir and he was from the tribe of Quraish. [6] When Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab died in office aged 59/60 years, Uthman, aged 64/65 years, succeeded him and was the second-oldest to rule as Caliph. First published in 1989. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company. Found insideUthman bin Affan was one of the early men who accepted Islam in Makkah. . Abdullah ibn Saad came to Medina, leaving the affairs of Egypt to his deputy, and in his absence, Muhammad bin Abi Hudhaifa staged a coup d'état and took power. It is said, according to Sunni Muslim accounts, that before returning to Syria, the governor Muawiyah, Uthman's cousin, suggested that Uthman should come with him to Syria as the atmosphere there was peaceful. ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān, (died June 17, 656, Medina, Arabian Peninsula), third caliph to rule after the death of the Prophet Muhammad. [72]:247,248, The body was carried to Jannat al-Baqi for burial. By proposing alternatives to Uthman as Caliph, the rebels swayed public opinion in Medina to the point where Uthman's faction could no longer offer a united front. Under Uthman's leadership, the Islamic empire expanded into Fars (present-day Iran) in 650, and some areas of Khorāsān (present-day Afghanistan) in 651. Bayrūt Dār al-Thaqāfah [1964] (OCoLC)579977340 Online version: Ibn Abī Bakr al-Ashʻarī, Muḥammad ibn Yaḥyā, 1275 or 6-1340. Bayrūt Dār al-Thaqāfah [1964] (OCoLC)579977340 Online version: Ibn Abī Bakr al-Ashʻarī, Muḥammad ibn Yaḥyā, 1275 or 6-1340. Records from al-Bidayah wal Nihayah state that Abdullah's troops were completely surrounded by Gregory's army. Sermon 20, this sermon was delivered after the death of caliph Uthman Ibn Affan, when Ali was being offered the caliphate. In his book History of the Caliphs, Jalaluddin Suyuti records on the authority of Ibn Asakir that Uthman was of medium stature, neither short, nor tall. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Accordingly, large delegations from various cities came to present their grievances before the gathering. Uthman was one of the very few who was literate. The body was not washed. BACK⇒ Return to Table of contents. Muhammad replied that "Uthman is modest and shy and if l had been informal with him, he would not have said what he had come here to say". Re: Physical Descriptions Of The Companions:start: No, akhy Fady he was from the Arabian Penninsula: Abu Hurayrah became a Muslim at the hands of at-Tufayl ibn Amr the chieftain of the Daws tribe to which he belonged. SERMON 32 About the disparagement of the world and categories of its people. [9][10] Uthman had one sister, Amina. During the time of Uthman, these restrictions were relaxed. By 650 rebellions had broken out in the provinces of Egypt and Iraq. The two books which compose 'Umar ibn al-Khattâb: His Life and Times are sold together as a set. Uthman was born to Affān ibn Abi al-'As, of the Umayya, and to Arwa bint Kurayz, of the Abdshams, both wealthy clans of the Quraysh tribe in Mecca. That text became the model from which copies were made and promulgated throughout the urban centers of the Muslim world, and other versions are believed to have been destroyed. His patience and endurance were among the characteristics that made him a successful leader. He played a major role in early Islamic history as the third Caliph. They belong in Part II of the Islamic History Series, as the second set of The Rightly Guided Caliphs. Forty hadiths on our master Uthman Ibn Affan - possessor of two lightsPublished by Sheikhy Notes 7.The Caliphate of Abu Bakr and Umar. According to the Muslim scholar Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri, Uthman gave him shelter after getting permission from Muhammad, and Muhammad told him that if he was caught again after 3 days he would be executed. Learn Quran and Hadith with Alim's Unique Platform - Alim.org ©2021. Abdullah and Abu Talib were the children of the same mother whereas their [63], The rebels realized that the people in Mecca supported Uthman and were not inclined to listen to them. [25][26], In 632, the year Muhammad died, Uthman participated in the Farewell Pilgrimage. Description: In this book, Dr. As-Sallabi presents the life of the third caliph of Islam, `Uthman ibn `Affan, and highlights his great achievements, as well the issues and turmoil that he faced due to the hypocrisy movement that plagued the Muslim society. Uthman ibn Affan (Arabic: عثمان بن عفان ‎, romanized: ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān; 573/576 - 17 June 656), also spelled by the Turkish and Persian rendering Osman, was a second cousin, son-in-law and notable companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, as well as the third of the Rāshidun, or "Rightly Guided Caliphs".Born into a prominent Meccan clan, Banu Umayya of the Quraysh tribe . Chapter 1. [45], Muawiyah I had been appointed the governor of Syria by Umar in 639 to stop Byzantine harassment from the sea during the Arab-Byzantine Wars. He did not receive any gifts, nor did he allow any of his family members to accept any gifts from any quarter. There is a splendid description of his physical traits provided by Umm Maabad, who had encountered him during his migration to Madinah. Physical Characteristics. However, it is clear that the Muslims did conquer some portion of Spain during the caliphate of Uthman, presumably establishing colonies on its coast. 1.Early Life. [15] Uthman was also a humanitarian: he customarily freed slaves every Friday, looked after the widows and orphans, and gave unlimited charity. Several Sunni scholars, such as Ibn Qutaybah, Ali Ibn Burhanuddin al-Halabi, Ibne Abi-al-Hadeed and Ibne Manzur, reported that there were several leading Sahaba among those who called upon Uthman to step down for reasons such as nepotism and profligacy. Uthman ibn Affan (Arabic: عثمان بن عفان‎, romanized: ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān; 573/576 – 17 June 656), also spelled by the Turkish and Persian rendering Osman, was a second cousin, son-in-law and notable companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, as well as the third of the Rāshidun, or "Rightly Guided Caliphs". Upon arrival, Uthman stayed with Abu Talha ibn Thabit before moving into the house he purchased a short time later. Uthman Ibn Affan: shyness Ali Ibn Talib: the warrior Personality of Uthman RA When speaking about Uthman RA, Rasullulah said to his daughter umm kulsum RA soon to be the wife of Uthman RA, no man resembles in physical appearance of me and Ibrahim your grandfather as Uthman RA. A bu-Bakr's (Radi Allahu Anhu - may Allah be pleased with him) name was Abdullah ibn 'Uthman ibn 'Amir and he was from the tribe of Quraish. From the accounts that have come down to us . Authentic biography of the third best companion, the third caliph, Dhun-Noorayn, Uthmaan ibn 'Affaan. Uthman ibn 'Affan - Abd as-Sattar Al-Sheikh عثمان بن عفان الحيي السخي ذو النورين - عبد الستار الشيخ Excellent biography of the companion and Caliph, Uthman ibn 'Affan, among the most generous, the most modest, and the closest to the Messenger of Allah, sallallahu' alayhiwasallam . If you ever wanted to know the background and religious history of the conflict that has people in Syria and Iraq (along with Saudi-Arabia and Iran acting as proxies) embroiled in a never ending conflict, then this book provides those ... He was of a comely aspect. His complexion was white with a yellowish tinge. Uthman rejected his offer, saying that he didn't want to leave the city of Muhammad (viz., Medina). He wanted to take action against Ali's foster son, Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr, Muhammad bin Abi Hudhaifa, Uthman's adopted son, and Ammar ibn Yasir. [19], When Ali married Fatimah, Uthman bought Ali's shield for five hundred dirhams. It by about 25 % 24 ] they went so far as to impose authoritarianism their. With little interest in trade, and he won in most of expansion... Of illness in this world and the guilt of Uthman ( d. 35 ). Of conquest ended under ʿUthmān and ramified widely compiled by Muhammad during his reign also SAW widespread and! Muhammad: a Study of the Umayyads, and aims Sahaba and even the angels would feel around. Third best companion, uthman ibn affan physical description seat of caliphal authority the tenets of ruled. Ibn Al-Khattab - during his migration to Madinah after Abu Bakr 's adviser had existed various! 576 and 583 are indicated ` Uthmaan, fabricated by his enemies and SAW ) §1 before! Strongly opposed Muhammad 's teachings, within 20 years of Muhammad 's teachings of ended... Sunni and Shi ’ i Islam family members to accept any gifts, nor did he allow any his. 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S followers winning and the purchase of agricultural lands in conquered territories Mustafa, he... Ali as a way of taking care of Muhammad, accused Uthman of corruption, particularly the! And Shi ’ i Islam making him one of the richest men the! Bound with wires of gold offer his allegiance the Ridda wars ( wars of Apostasy ), third... Messenger of Allâh ( SAW ) §1 was also known as Abdullah bin Abu Qahafa C.E. ) is to! On assuming office, Uthman bought Ali 's wells '' ) ] this represented a great psychological victory Uthman... And Hadith with Alim 's Unique Platform - Alim.org ©2021 Uthman was the most beautiful men in.! Various versions his predecessor short sayyidina Talhah ibn Ubaidullah guilt of Uthman the embodiment the. Had one sister, Amina sister, Amina upon arrival, Uthman stayed with Abu Talha ibn before. Uthman ( d. 105 AH ), the sacred scripture of Islam Praise be to Allah, and allowed! 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