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Abu'l Fazl goes on to appropriate this history for Mughal imperial project as a continuation of Kashmir's glorious past. It is the 1980s, and the world is at an inflection point that led to . Hostory of Jammu & Kashmir goes back to the Afghan Durrani Empire which ruled Kashmir from 1752 until its 1819 conquest by the Sikh Empire under Ranjit Singh. It is said that Kashmir was once filled with the river called Satisar or Saraswati river. A Short History of the US-Pakistan Relationship. The exalted Vale of Kashmir. Originally appointed as deputy governor by Ishaq Aqasi (1733), Khwaja Abdullah Khan Kabuli reigned in Kashmir for four months.During his rule, Kashmiris' were relaxed to some extent because he was a kind hearted, intelligent and just ruler. You can practice MCQ and read important topics for free That year, the Sikhs, under Ranjit Singh, annexed Kashmir. 2. History of the Kashmiri Pandits starts with the history of Kashmir valley which is more than 11000 years old. Which one is the longest river in Jammu and Kashmir. How borders are drawn and enforced has far-reaching consequences, whether we live on either side of . The fort on Hari Parbat was started by the Mughal but completed during the Afghan rule. Jonaraja, in his Rajatarangini mentioned him as Sahamera. Thus, according to him, a long series of 191 kings had ruled throughout a period of 4,109 years, 11 months and nine days, when Akbar took over the reins of power. After conquering the Valley, the whole of Kashmir became a "Suba" or province of Lahore Kingdom. With the accession of Durlabhavardhana (founder of Karkota dynasty and successor of Baladitya) the genuine historical account of Kalhana begins [annals of the Tang dynasty of China have indicated that his time-line for the Karkota kings needs to be pushed . of Hindustan, conquered Kashmir between 1586 and 1592, and it became a part of the Mughal Empire. Haji Jamal first and later Shah Vali Khan Bamzai, was appointed Ashraf-uf-Wuzara or the prime minster10. came to a head with Ahmed Shah Abdali establishing supremacy over Afghanistan and making successful forays into north-western India. Thus, a dramatic shift can be observed in the architecture of Kashmir with the changing rule, culture and religion. Northern India was a sea of chaos, whereby the misrule by the Mughal satraps made it possible for Ahmad Shah Abdali, the founder of the Durrani empire in Afghanistan, to consolidate power in Kashmir in 1751. Like Mughal rulers Afghans ruled Kashmir through their governors. Kashmir remained under Afghan rule for 66 years. A History of Sikh Rule in Kashmir, 1819-1846. 03 November 2005. From inside the book . 10 Rafiqi,AbdulQaiyum, Sufism in Kashmīr, from the . Ardali failed to control them. 4. (1846-1947) Dogra ruler ,Raja Gulab The brief Afghan rule over valley from 1750 to 1819 is universally regarded as 'dark age' by the Kashmiris. To begin to understand the Kashmiri aspiration for self-determina (a) Nadir Shah (b) Ahmad Shah (c) Abdullah Khan (d) Gulab Singh 3. All these were listed and described with frequently . Gabaris were rulers and inhabitants . AJ&K History. Decline of Mughal Empire led to a period of great turbulence and instability in India. History of Kashmir . The enigma Kashmir. Pandits during the latter . Later the Sikh continued their policy of suppression and plunder. The Afghan rule ended 66 years later with their defeat by Maharaja Ranjit Singh in 1819. In 1753, he established Afghan rule in Kashmir. Raja Sukh Jiwan Mal was a soldier in the Afghan Durrani army who became governor and, later, the king (1754-1762) of Kashmir. This also marked the end of Muslim rule in Kashmir, encompassing a period of just over four hundred years. 1890-1900 AD 3. Since independence, Jammu & Kashmir has taken more media space and government time than any other Indian state. Who gets to tell Kashmir's history is important to who can lay . For 66 years (1753-1819), Kashmir remained under the rule of five Afghan kings, Ahmad Shah Abdali (1753-72), Timur Shah (1772-93), Zaman Shah (1793-1800), and Shah Shuja and Mahmud Shah (1801-19). "In the history of Kashmir's trouble, we saw the maximum number of foreign terrorists . There was an enormous loss of life and property. Which one is the largest district in Jammu and Kashmir by area wise. Muslim Rule: Kashmir Sultanate (1346-1586) The misrule, corruption and internecine fighting of the Lohara dynasty provided an opening for Shams-ud-Din Shah Mir, who was the first Muslim (Pashtun) ruler of Kashmir and the founder of the Shah Miri dynasty. Even during the Sikh and Dogra rule, pheran continued to be the traditional dress of Jammu and Kashmir. Shah Mir, of Turkish origins, is regarded as the first Muslim ruler of Kashmir. Area wise, the State of Jammu and Kashmir was the largest state in the sub-continent of Indo-Pak among the 562 princely states of . Lal Khan analyses the history of Kashmir from Mauryan Empire, to the conquest of the valley by the Mughals, to the Afghan invasion, and finally to the rule of the British and the Dogras. Abdullah Khan Ishaq Aqasi was the first Afhan governor of Kashmir. This species was originally described as a subspecies to the alpine musk deer, but is now classified as a separate species.The deer stand at 60 cm (24 in) tall, and only males have tusks and they use . Lal Khan. November 22, 2019, 9:56 PM. Answer (1 of 13): Various classes of Kashmiris have different ancestries depending on their particular class. 351-52). August 29, 2019, 3:12 PM. It all started with the Instrument of Accession signed by the ruler of J&K in 1947, Pakistani invasion, Nehru going to the UN, Article 370, appointment and arrest of Sheikh Abdullah, Sheikh-Indira agreement of 1975, appointment and dismissal of Farooq Abdullah, rigged elections of . A History of Muslim rule in Kashmir, 1320-1819, People's Publishing House, 1969. It was in 1814 that the rule of Sikhs was established and Maharaja Ranjit Singh ruled over Kashmir. When American finally decided to give arms aid to India in November 1962, Pakistan was not consulted before as was promised to them and this deeply offended the . Details. In the year 1947, when one side the sub-continent of India got their independence from the colonial rule, while as other side, the same people applied colonialism in the state of Jammu and Kashmir. Text Size: I n Indian public imagination, the history of Jammu and Kashmir begins in 1947. Thus the Pandits are responsible for society, culture, civilization, customs, traditions, myths and realities of Kashmir. The Afghan rule was between 1753 to 1819 CE. He was poor administrator. Afghan militants fought alongside Kashmir fighters in the 1980s and 1990s. 3. The first Afghan Governor of Kashmir was 1.Ahmad Shah 2. Print. The Dogra rule (1846-1947 AD) did not witness much of architectural work. He belonged to the ruling clan of Swat, the Gabaris who styled themselves "Sultans". In the year 1339, Shah Mir dynasty was introduced in Kashmir when Shah Mir was declared as the first Muslim ruler. First Afghan Governor of Kashmir was? Kashmir emerged as an "international dispute" in 1947, but looking at the Kashmir question exclusively from that prism privileges India-Pakistan state-centric perspectives while erasing Kashmir's own distinct political history. Kashmir geographically is a part of South Asia bordering with India, China, Pakistan and Afghanistan. Kashmir has always had a rather unfortunate linkage with Afghanistan. In an interview with India Today, former Director-General of Police (DGP) of Jammu and Kashmir SP Vaid said that the developments in Afghanistan will boost the morale of militants in Jammu and Kashmir. Nadir Shah 3. Right after Mughals got disintegrated post-Aurangzeb death, there were valley infiltrations of the Afghan tribes. 5. Taliban In Zurmat (Paktia), where they took over the US-supplied vehicles and war infrastructure from the Afghan forces who surrendered after a protracted siege . In 1339, Shah Mir became the first Muslim ruler of Kashmir, inaugurating the Shah Mir Dynasty. But the sole prism of '1947 conflict' is restrictive. The battle was decisively won and the Afghan commander, Asmat, was killed. In an assertion, the assailant bunch required the "freedom" of Kashmir, Somalia, Yemen, and other "Islamic terrains. The history of Kashmir is intertwined with the history of the broader Indian subcontinent and the surrounding regions, comprising the areas of Central Asia, South Asia and East Asia.Historically, Kashmir referred to the Kashmir Valley. Their houses were looted by the hooligans and swindlers. For the next five centuries, Muslim monarchs ruled Kashmir, including the Mughal Empire, who ruled from 1586 until 1751, and the Afghan Durrani Empire, which ruled from 1747 until 1819. Pakistan's security agencies began sending jihadists experienced in the Afghan guerilla warfare across the border to the Indian-administered Kashmir in the late 1980s; and by the early 1990s . As a result of his visit he donated land to the langar and the . Lec 7 - Sikh Rule - History of Jammu & Kashmir with Important MCQs by Sarwat Rashid Lec 6 - Afghan Rule - History of Jammu & Kashmir with Important MCQs by S. Majority of the ethnic Kashmiri muslims . He remained in Kashmir for the period of six months. Rangit Singh died in 1839 and his successors loosed the empire in Anglo-Sikh war of 1845. Civil War. In the year 1339, Shah Mir dynasty was introduced in Kashmir when Shah Mir was declared as the first Muslim ruler. able According administration Afghan appears appointed army attitude Attock authority became . It was marked by the building of pleasure gardens and little else, till Aurangzeb (1658 CE-1707 CE), ascended the throne. (a) 652 AD (b) 1700 AD (c) 1752 AD (d) 1800 AD 2. Kashmir - The Afghanistan Frontier A little known fact is that if not for the ambition of Maharajah Ranjit Singh (Lion of Punjab, who ruled from 1799 AD - . His rule saw the return of religious bigotry and intolerance to the Kashmir Valley, with forcible conversions and discriminatory taxation. Kashmir entered into an even darker phase of violence and poverty. In that year a Kashmiri delegation went to Lahore and requested Maharaja Ranjit Singh for help in liberating the valley from Afghan rule. by Amardeep Singh Source Oct 1, 2014 FacebookTwitterLinkedInE-mailComments Kashmir - The Afghanistan Frontier Amardeep Singh Kashmir, the land of shawls, snow and sun, What we have in Kashmir is on the verge of extinction or destruction. (a) Sikh Rule (b) Afghan Rule (c) Dogra Rule Shah Mir Swati, an adventurer from Swat, under the title of Sultan Shamas-ud-Din founded the dynasty. The Afghan rule followed by Sikh rule (1819 to 1846 A.D.) established by Maharaja Ranjit Singh in Kashmir in 1819 A.D. The Mughal period was followed by Afghan rule. It had different boundaries with different areas .The territory known as Kashmir having three provinces i.e. A Survey of Mogul Rule. The fort on Hari Parbat was started by the Mughal but completed during the Afghan rule. Originally appointed as deputy governor by Ishaq Aqasi (1733), Khwaja Abdullah Khan Kabuli reigned in Kashmir for four months.During his rule, Kashmiris' were relaxed to some extent because he was a kind hearted, intelligent and just ruler. During his tenure Sunni-Shia riots broke out. After centuries of Hindu and Buddhist rule, Muslim Moghul emperors took control of Kashmir in the 15th century, converted the population to Islam and incorporated it into the Moghul empire. Emperor Akbar and the Pandits. Department of Education, Jammu and Kashmir Government, 1977 - Jammu and Kashmir (India) - 428 pages. Pandits after Aurangzeb. Which one is recognised as the state flower of Jammu and Kashmir. A Taliban-led Afghanistan could mean all sorts of problems for India. That year, the Sikhs, under Ranjit Singh, annexed Kashmir. The early history of Islam in Kashmir, featuring a Mongol warlord, an Afghan Hindu minister, a Buddhist refugee-turned-king, and a Sufi shaykh from Baghdad. 1652 AD 2. In 1339, Shah Mir became the first Muslim ruler of Kashmir, inaugurating the Shah Mir dynasty. The death knell to Mughal rule came with their defeat to the Afghan's in 1753 CE, as a result of which Kashmir came under Afghan rule. Later when Akbar ruled Mughal emperor in Kashmir and Srinagar and Shah Jahan continued it, then it becomes the separate Kashmir Subah which now is called as Srinagar. CAIRO - 24 June 2017: The early history of Islam in Kashmir, featuring a Mongol warlord, an Afghan Hindu minister, a Buddhist refugee-turned-king, and a Sufi sheikh from Baghdad. Northern India was a sea of chaos. The battle in . The Afghan Durrani Empire ruled Kashmir from 1752 until its 1819 conquest by the Sikh Empire under Ranjit Singh.The Raja of Jammu Gulab Singh, who was a vassal of the Sikh Empire and an influential noble in the Sikh court, sent expeditions to various border kingdoms and ended up encircling Kashmir by 1840.Following the First Anglo-Sikh War (1845-1846), Kashmir was ceded under the Treaty of . Kashmir. On 31 August 2021, hours after the remainder of the US troops left Afghanistan, al-Qaeda hailed the Taliban for its triumph in Kabul. He was in the courtroom of King Ranachandra working as a chief of affairs. "Meanwhile, Pakistan's inching closer with China was not liked by the United States. Sharma said the Taliban's first shot at power had also resulted in an influx of fighters from Afghanistan. Kashmir was ruled by many Muslim monarchs that include the rule of the Mughal Empire from 1586 to 1751 and the Durrani Empire of Afghan, who ruled from 1747 to 1819. A failed Abdali took to . In 1989, as the Soviet rule ended, Pakistan's ISI started developing confidence about the fact that a successfully trained Mujahideen campaign could also be launched in Kashmir. In which year Afghan rule was established in Kashmir? Kashmir, ruled by a Mughal governor, was always under the threat of an Afghan invasion. Afghans appear on the scene. This was done under the leadership of the brutal Afghan, Abdullah Khan Ishqe Aqasi. Jammu ,Kashmir and Ladakh was established by Dogra rulers. The Afghan forces were resisted valiantly by the Kashmiri forces led by Afrasiyab Khan. The Sikh territories Abdullah Khan 4. Kashmiri muslims are mix of mainly Agricultural and Artisan classes. But these records follow the usual mode of presenting a list of kings, queens and their ministers or an account of their expeditions to neighbouring principalities. Kailas Dar comes to power. Dated: 1/16/2022 12:12:13 PM. Methodology: The study has been conducted by the combination of all the available qualitative data, which based on the secondary sources regarding the past history and the period of Afghans rule over Kashmir. Kabul- Taliban co-founder Mullah Abdul Ghani Baradar arrived in Kabul on Saturday for talks on establishing a new "inclusive" government in Afghanistan, a senior official said.Other senior Tal Kashmir has the unique distinction of having a long tradition of historical records, Kalhana's Rajatarangini being the sole history in Sanskrit literature. Kashmir's Ordeal - Chapter Three. Between 1756 and 1819 it was under Afghan rule; in the latter year, Kashmir was conquered by Ranjit Singh, the Sikh maharaja of the Punjab. We seem to be losing our heritage and ignoring our history. 9:50 am July 27, 2021. Afghan rule: 1752-1819 After Kashgar ruler Anandadeva overran Rananchandra's kingdom, he had Muslim state employees including Shah Mir removed from their positions. CC via Flickr/ Kashmir Pictures. P.N.K.Bamzai adds: 'While back at Lahore (after his struggle with Muin-ul-Mulk, the governor of Punjab in 1751 when Ahmad Shah The state of Jammu and Kashmir having an area of 84,471 square miles lies in the North East of Pakistan and North West of India. Background Mughal rule of Punjab. Ahmad Shah Abdali deputed Asmat Ullah Khan to capture Kashmir in 1748. R. K. Parmu. In short, the paper offers the holistic view of rich history of medieval India. 1819-1846 AD 4. The misrule by the Mughal satraps made it possible for Ahmad Shah Abdali, the founder of the Durrani empire in Afghanistan, to consolidate power. 1902-1930 AD 4. In 1989, as Soviet troops withdrew from Afghanistan, another Pakistan-sponsored insurgency flourished as resistance to Indian rule in Kashmir flared. The Sikh religion began around the time of the conquest of Northern Indian subcontinent by Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire.His conquering grandson, Mughal Emperor Akbar, supported religious freedom and after visiting the langar of Guru Amar Das got a favourable impression of Sikhism. Afghan Rule in Kashmir (1752-1819) Marwat Khan Lodhi Sep 22, 2013 Marwat Khan Lodhi BANNED Jun 23, 2010 5,341 -29 4,874 Sep 22, 2013 #1 Ahmad Shah Abdali received an invitation from the leaders of Kashmir to rid the kingdom of cruel governors of the decadent Mughal emperors, and bring it directly under his rule. Abdali raided India at least eight times between 1748 and 1767. 1800 AD 4. . The powder keg Kashmir. Afghan rule lasted till 1819 when the Valley was conquered by Diwan Mohakam Chand, a general of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. India's decision to revoke Article 370 is just another chapter in Kashmir's long history of imperial oppression. The Kashmir musk deer (Moschus cupreus) is an endangered species of musk deer native to Afghanistan, India, and Pakistan.Recent studies have shown that the species is also native to western Nepal. During the Afghan rule Shia Muslims in Kashmir suffered untold miseries. The present [definitive] list opens with Asoka, since his is the first name of the rulers of Kashmir which has a genuine historical basis. The Wular Lake is located in which district. by Yanis Iqbal. 2.To identify the cultural contribution of Afghan rule and highlight the cultural impacts of Afghan rule over Kashmir. Kashmir ; Between the Mughals and the Dogras. Pakistan. The 1987 elections After the elections of 1987, when the MUF cadres reach Pakistan for support, the ISI began to train them with arms and ammunition. The Mughal rule in Kashmir lasted for just over 170 years until 1757 CE. In all 28 Pathan governors and deputy governors ruled over Kashmir (Ibid. The Kashmiri hindu pandits are mainly descended from Bhayya people of india. Sukh Jiwan's Meteoric career. Which of the following rule is known as the darkest period in the history of jammu kashmir ? Pre-partition Kashmir was in reality a hellhole for the masses. economy under Mughals in Kashmir; the tyrannies of Afghan rule and changes in economy under Lahore Darbar are addressed. 1.1752 AD 2.1700 AD 3. . The mere mention of this name triggers a huge range of human emotions and reactions that few other words do. About 20 Afghan "guest mujahideen" were killed and 10 were captured, according to a former Kashmiri fighter. Will mid-nineties replicate in Kashmir if Taliban again rule Afghanistan, asks Riyaz Wani after going through what the leading strategic experts in India believe. The rise of Dogras and formation of Jammu and Kashmir state began in a turbulent times of the history when the Sikhs under Maharaja Ranjit Singh, Marathas under Chhatrapati Shivaji and the Rajputs of Rajputana, all rebelled against tyrannical Aurangzeb. Best website to prepare for JKSSB JKPSC and other central and state level Examinations. One cold afternoon in the late 1990s, the daring American-born journalist Eric Margolis witnessed an extraordinary scene: a . Today, it denotes a larger area that includes the Indian-administered state of Jammu and Kashmir (which consists of Jammu, the Kashmir Valley, and Ladakh), the . The Sixth Exodus In 1846 Kashmir was annexed to the (Hindu) Dogra kingdom of Jammu; the Dogra dynasty continued to rule While a superpower negotiates an exit from Afghanistan, India stirs up a hornet's nest in Kashmir. Authentic sources of Kashmir history are Nilmata Purana (complied c. 500-600 CE) and Rajatarangini (1150 CE). Pandits and the latter Moguls. . Prominent Muslim leaders invited Ahmad Shah Abdali to bring Afghan rule to the region. Russia, China and Afghanistan also shares its border towards the North. The Swati Dynasty was a Muslim dynasty originally from Swat, who ruled on Kashmir for nearly 222 years from 1339 to 1561. Bhama Singh Ardali who was already in Kashmir, took charge in January, 1831. In which year, Afghan rule was established in Kashmir? That year, the Sikhs, under Ranjit Singh, annexed Kashmir. It was ruled by the Sikhs till the British Raj came into India. Gulab Singh 3.The period of Sikh rule in Kashmir was 1.1840-1860 AD 2. Old friends, new dynamics. In 1339, Shah Mir became the first Muslim ruler of Kashmir, inaugurating the Shah Mir dynasty. Kashmir's struggle did not start in 1947 and will not end today. The Taliban are so far centered around administering Afghanistan. At the heart of Kashmir's contested politics lies its 5,000 years of history, and the competing claims on historical grievances. During the Afghan rule that lasted from 1753 to 1819, the rulers forced Kashmiri men and women to wear the pheran. Kashmir was ruled by many Muslim monarchs that include the rule of the Mughal Empire from 1586 to 1751 and the Durrani Empire of Afghan, who ruled from 1747 to 1819. Most people are well aware of what happened after Independence in 1947 but few are aware of the twists and turns of . Though Kashmiris disliked Mughals and Afghans, they got habituated to the pheran and started liking this attire. For the next five centuries, Muslim monarchs ruled Kashmir, including the Mughal Empire, who ruled from 1586 until 1751, and the Afghan Durrani Empire, which ruled from 1747 until 1819. For the next five centuries, Muslim monarchs ruled Kashmir, including the Mughal Empire, who ruled from 1586 until 1751, and the Afghan Durrani Empire, which ruled from 1747 until 1819. 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