20 Jan 2022

elon musk chess ratingderrick waggoner the wire

renaissance faire themed weekends Comments Off on elon musk chess rating

The chessboard has just 64 squares. Residents of Delaware are the most likely to feel negatively toward Musk, with . Niemann admitted to having cheated in online tournaments when he was 12- and 16-years-old, but said he had since returned from the dark side and denied such unwholesomeness against Carlsen. But today that exchange [] Rushing to fill the void, commenters on the online forum Reddit suggested Niemann may have used a transmitting sex toy to receive coded messages. After taking a cheap shot at chess grandmaster, Garry Kasparov, Musk then stated that chess has "no fog of war" and Polytopia - an online map-control strategy game - "addresses these limitations.". CINCINNATI , March 01, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Workhorse Group Inc. (Nasdaq: WKHS) ("Workhorse" or "the Company"), an American technology company with a vision to pioneer the transition . Oh, and have a safe word. This comes after the 19-year-old American chess player was accused of cheating by world champion Magnus Carlsen, who withdrew from the $500,000 Sinquefield Cup after losing a game to the 19-year-old on September 4. The double elimination format ensures a second shot at the top for any player who loses a match. chess.com is currently at the height of its growth. You can decide which cookies to use by selecting the appropriate options below. If he were to play against one of the top chess engines he would have about a 0.15% chance of winning and about a 1.35% chance of getting a draw. Hawaiians like Elon Musk more than any state, with the highest proportion of positive tweets toward the tech entrepreneur (272 per 1,000 posts). Elon Musk's opinion on chess A game existing from pre-medieval times, chess is a strategic game that is respected by everyone in the world, for its complexity and subtleness. Sorry, this post was deleted by the person who originally posted it. My version of Occams Razor: most entertaining outcome is most likely , Musksaid repeating a phrase he has often said in the past. Depending on their intended use, analysis cookies and marketing cookies may be used in addition to technically required cookies. elon musk hosting 'snl' as an 'alibi' for china rocket crash, jokes 'weekend update' ABC's "World News Tonight" was first in the evening news ratings contest, averaging 7.95 million viewers. One of the most popular theories doing the rounds, propelled by Elon Musk, is that Niemann was using wireless vibrating anal beads to read signals from a computer chess engine, like Stockfish . You can almost hear that snap of the rubber glove before chess match cavity searches . He is the son of Maye Musk (Haldeman), a model and dietitian, and Errol Musk, an engineer. The recall has been issued for a range of Model S, Model X, Model 3 and Model Y Tesla EVs. Because I know I am clean, said Niemann. It is the program of choice for anyone who loves the game and wants to know more about it. A Tweet stated 69,352,859,712,417 are available for a player to play after completing five moves. Hans was cited by The Guardian as saying, "If they want me to strip fully naked, I will do it. | Photo of Musk by Andrew Kelly / REUTERS. Removed because we don't allow memes/jokes (feel free to submit to r/anarchychess). Elon Musk, CEO of Tesla, has now added his voice to the conspiracy hypothesis. Its the debauched, fallen side of the competitive gene, one that has recently taken an unexpected detour. From the get-go it struck home as something that, if true, could go desperately, comically wrong. He afforded the cheating allegations some air time. Russian officials claim threats from Germany and Canada over Ukraine at G20 meet in B'luru, Delhi HC stays re-election of MCD Standing Committee as BJP-AAP war of words continues, Bhagwant Mann breaks silence on Amritpal; 'Those using Guru Granth Sahib as shield', Elon Musk claims Niemann may have used 'anal beads' to beat Carlsen in Chess Championship, Twitter's lawyer claims Elon Musk terminated $44 billion deal due to WWIII fears: Reports, Elon Musk's request to delay Twitter trial starting October 17 rejected by Delaware court, Elon Musk's ex-girlfriend selling cards and mementos from their undergraduate romance, Elon Musk criticises 'envy amplifier' Instagram after calling it a 'thirst trap' earlier, Twitter stockholders approve acquisition by Elon Musk. Enjoy adrenalin rush with tactic fights! Learn openings the right way! I hope you enjoy reading what I have written and will follow this blog to see my future posts. At one stage, the game of annihilation was a demonstration event at the Olympics. Elon Musk should apologize for mocking gender pronouns, says group that gave Tesla top LGBTQ-friendly rating Published Thu, Dec 17 2020 8:05 PM EST Updated Fri, Dec 18 2020 2:34 PM EST Lora . Speed chess is defined as blitz chess, lightning chess, or bullet chess. Follow the development of the strongest chess software, which affects all chess today, via the Top Chess Engine Championship with its 24/7 live broadcast with chat. Elon Musk's greatest strength is his ability to learn. If they want me to strip fully naked, I will do it. Moreover, he opened up on Polytopia as a better strategic game. In February, he bought 1.5, Tesla-- $1.5 billion worth of Bitcoin. He added that chess only has 64 squares in total. Stifel upgraded to a buy rating from Hold and raised the price target to $210 from $200 . Carlsen said he had withdrawn from the tournament in a tweet on Monday. Is this all just one massive troll job? Please note that your selection may affect the functionality of the service. He said, I've always enjoyed playing in the [Saint Louis Chess Club], and hope to be back in the future. Registred since 5/13/22. In the tweet, the handle Babble said he was obsessed with the notion that Niemann was cheating at the tournament using wireless anal beads that vibrate him the correct moves.. Nuff said. "This absolutely fuels me and this makes me want to win the tournament even more. Deserve to Get That Medal: Nathan Chen Disheartened For Not Receiving His his passion for sports compelled him to find his way to sports journalism. The most entertaining outcome is the most likely. April 23, 2021. The Guardian quoted Hans as saying, If they want me to strip fully naked, I will do it. Key Concepts of Chess - Pawn Structures Vol.1 & 2 and The Hedgehog, Play the Sveshnikov Sicilian and Sveshnikov Powerbook and Sveshnikov Powerbase. Following a contested process, Musk completed a deal to buy Twitter in. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. It is the catfish of all catfish. For context's sake, this is a rumor being presented without evidence. Elon Musk (@elonmusk) September 8, 2022 When he was asked if he played Chess, Musk said "Chess is a simple game. There is a. The glitch affects all Tesla vehicles sold between 2016 and 2023, that have been equipped with Teslas Full Self-Driving Beta technology. According to reports, Musk re-tweeted a video of the content producer who suggested that Niemann might be using "anal beads" to go around the system and avoid being caught by the event organisers. In a recent interview on 6 September, Hans said that in order to prove himself innocent, the American player was prepared to play naked. Discover the online chess profile of Elon Musk (chesstnut512) at Chess.com. If they want me to stripfully naked, I'll do it. Annotate, analyze and share. Co-founder, PayPal. ), In strategy games, a technology tree is a hierarchical visual representation of the possible sequences of upgrades that a player can take. 9/9/2022 Now, jumping on the bandwagon, Tesla CEO Elon Musk, the richest and arguably most successful innovator on the surface of the planet, has weighed on the conspiracy theory surrounding the cheating allegations in Saint Louis. Play Online Play Friends vs Computer Tournaments Play Now "Looking purely at rating, Hans should be classified. Elon Musk is the charismatic chief executive officer (CEO) of electric car maker Tesla and rocket manufacturer SpaceX. Musk has been under fire from supporters of Ukraine, including many on the American left since he tweeted a proposal for ending the Russian invasion of its western neighbor. Learn More Hector Quintanilla After 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.Nf3 e4 Black is giving up a pawn. I'm playing both since the server issues but would totally abandon chess.com if this happened. It is quite embarrassing to describe. If I speak, I am in big trouble., I've withdrawn from the tournament. The match between the two spurred allegations of cheating by Niemann on social media. Assisted play and calculation training. And Elon Musk (seen above speaking at South by Southwest in 2018) played a major role in . 11 opening articles with repertoire ideas and much more! I dont care. Is Musk offbase or way-y-y-y offbase? Although . Then earlier this week in a stunning attention-seeking move, again while playing Niemann, he resigned from a game after one push of a pawn. A Russian official has responded to Elon Musk's challenge to Russian President Vladimir Putin for a "single combat"to end the invasion of Ukraine, by quoting verses from Alexander Pushkin's The . Twitter shares closed up more than 22% on the news. Elon Musk said he's intentionally trying to provoke Jeff Bezos so Blue Origin makes more progress. And that was before we even got to the anal beads. I dont care. It doesn't consider the opening and ignores "obvious" moves (recaptures, forced replies). I did as a child, but found it to be too simple to be useful in real life: a mere 8 by 8 grid, no fog of war, no technology tree, no random map or spawn position, only 2 players, both sides exact same pieces, etc.Polytopia addresses these limitations. "Our generation has seen incredible advancements in technology. Anyone concerned that chess doesnt have a technology tree probably is also upset by this complaint of Musk: no random map or spawn position. True, nothing on a chessboard is random (except with a variant). From the very beginning, whenever he needed to get into a field that was new to him, he has always been able to learn quickly to get up to speed and then master that 420 33 Sponsored by Forbes Advisor Best pet insurance of 2023. Sicilian Sveshnikov Powerbase 2023 is a database and contains a total of 8553 games from Mega 2023 or the Correspondence Database 2022, of which 578 are annotated. Sounds convincing (and interesting). Elon Musk and Jeff Bezos . Elon Musk, the entrepreneur and innovator behind SpaceX, Tesla, and SolarCity, sold one of his internet companies, PayPal, for $1.5 billion. 1. 2023 Benzinga.com. pic.twitter.com/F48BXjtBlN, Musk has since deleted his tweet, but the archived version as well as the screenshots are still making the rounds on the internet. If he challenges you, at least give him knight odds. Chess is a simple game. Keep the discussion civil and friendly. The ChessBase Mega Database 2022 is the premiere chess database with over 9.2 million games from 1560 to 2021 in high quality. "Special" on Anthony Miles. His father is South African-born and his mother is Canadian-born, from Regina, Saskatchewan, and also has American antecedents. It comes days after he asked his 63 million Twitter followers whether he should sell 10% of his . Because I know I am clean. To help us offer and evaluate relevant content and interesting and appropriate advertisement. September 14, 2022. My Games Access your games from everywhere. You can read the full rules of /r/chess here. An iphone can run an engine that powerful. Even Elon Musk commented on accusations towards Hans Niemann: " Talent hits a target no one else can hit, genius hits a target no one can see (cause it's in ur butt) " tweeted Musk on his official twitter account, adding that " the most entertainment outcome is most likely ". Watch after move 20. Hikaru Nakamura (@GMHikaru) March 6, 2022. Currently, Bill R. Chess holds the position of Chief Financial Officer at Public Policy Holding Co., Inc. Firstpost - All Rights Reserved. The name sounds innocuous, but one should not be fooled by its apparent simplicity. Elon Musk confirms Tesla Semi truck launch in September, 8 electric vehicles now in the works. On 4 November, the ax finally dropped. Musk also shared a Reddit post that said Carlsen cheats using anal beads up his butt and has done so for the past decade. Create an account to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations. Daniel Rensch (@DanielRensch) March 6, 2022. Approach your first bead encounter with patience. : https://events.chess24.com/deals/?utm_source=youtube.com&utm_medium=owned_social&utm_campaign=chess24.5. Last weekend's show averaged 7.3 million viewers, making it the third. Im here to win, and that is my goal regardless., Its easier to get into Rikers Island Penitentiary in Queens than a chess tournament with an illegal cheat machine. Do Not Sell My Personal Data/Privacy Policy, Musk lets out a series of tweets on the controversy surrounding Sinquefield Cup, Hans Moke Niemann beat Magnus Carlsen in the third round of the chess tournament, The third-round upset has spurred allegations of cheating, including through anal beads, which Musk shared on Twitter. Later this evening GM Eric Hansen revealed on his Youtube channel Chessbrah that it was he who unleashed the anal bead meme on the world as a joke in one of his chats. In a recent interview, Hans Niemann said that in order to prove himself innocent, he was prepared to play naked. (7/10) pic.twitter.com/UEK1PJ7XLP. Elon Musk Just now Feb 5, 2021 1 0 Gift Challenge Message More Remove Ads Games 86 Puzzles 0 Rapid 359 Highest 624 (Feb 5, 2021) Games 85 W/D/L 36 / 4 / 45 Rating Change Last 30 Days 52 Daily Unrated Awards Remove Ads Ready to Play Chess? Musk says that he did play chess as a child; however, he has lost interest in the game and no longer plays. But let's not forget that in June of this year, Elon tweeted this gem basically defending the game of chess, and trolling electronic gamers. The most entertaining outcome is the most likely.Elon Musk. Tech Billionaires: Elon Musk: Directed by Roxane Schlumberger. When Elon Musk says that chess, the 1,500-year-old game that continues to baffle the world's best minds and computers alike, is too simple for him, the real revelation is that Elon Musk is too simple for chess. Subsequently there was a push in 2019 for it to be included for Paris 2024 with the International Chess Federation calling for faster formats of the traditional game, called rapid and blitz, to make it easier to schedule and televise. Musk said on the development, you can almost hear that snap of the rubber glove before chess match cavity searches , You can almost hear that snap of the rubber glove before chess match cavity searches , When he was asked if he played Chess, Musk said Chess is a simple game. It came as a surprise when Elon Musk alleged vibrating anal beads may have been nefariously used to gain an advantage in elite sport. In the meantime, the number one chess blitz player in the world, Hikaru Nakamura, slyly brushed off his comment by replying to his post on Twitter. Hans Niemann is seeking 400 MILLION USD in damages, Elon Musk now we have computers in chess, Levon Aronian makes the wrong claim of the threefold repetition #TweetOftheDay, Summary of the Airthings Masters Grand Final #TweetOftheDay, World Champion Magnus Carlsen arrives in Almaty for FIDE World Rapid and Blitz 2022, Hans Niemann vs Awonder Liang, US Chess Championship 2022 Round 13 LIVE, Sam Shankland joins US Championship studio to apologize for a quick draw. The investors agreed, and on Dec. 3, 2008, they . In a recent interview, Hans Niemann said that in order to prove himself innocent, he was prepared to play naked. Before the Olympic Games in Los Angeles, several US athletes, including those who participated on the track cycling team pursuit squad which won the silver medal, said they had experimented with caffeine suppositories during training to see if their performances would improve. Under the leadership of Elon Musk, Tesla made a 4D chess move that Solving The Money Problem's Steven Mark Ryan pointed out no one seems to have noticed. The idea of anal beads as effective wireless sets vibrating to indicate what moves to make against an opponent might seem bonkers but, apparently, technically just about on the cusp of feasibility. Ever since Musk told Twitter's investors on 20 October that, upon taking ownership of the company, he would reduce its workforce by nearly 75 percent, the ax has ominously hung over the heads of Twitter employees like the Sword of Damocles. 32 years. Now, jumping on the bandwagon, Tesla CEO Elon Musk has weighed on the conspiracy theory. Get ready for the most serious problem that Musk has about chess: both sides exact same pieces. How unfair! At the same time, Musk shared a couple of memes on his account seemingly mocking Twitter management. The engine would have about a 98.55% chance of winning. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. Olimpiu Di Luppi (@olimpiuurcan) October 24, 2022 So, global masters wont be in Paris. The FIDE Council has approved todaya major reform of the qualification paths to the Candidates Tournament the event that decides the challenger FIFA World Cup 2022 is about to start in Qatar and Cristiano Ronaldo and Lionel Messi chose to prepare for the event With massive popularity and a 400 million lawsuit going on, Hans Niemann is gaining legendary status. Elon Musk continues to grab the headlines. Twitter/ @Babble____. However, the famous personality has irked a few chess followers with his latest tweet. Elon Musk has reversed course and is again proposing to buy Twitter for $54.20 a share, according to a regulatory filing on Tuesday. Elon Musk agrees: chess champion cheated, used anal beads for comms Elon Musk shares a chess meme about top chess players Magnus Carlsen and Hans Niemann, and the idea that anal beads. I think people who prefer lichess would be happy to hear this. The topic on this video course is the so-called hedgehog system which is characterised by at least four black pawns on the sixth rank which we call the spikes of the hedgehog. In 1986 he co-founded ChessBase. Real Fun against a Chess Program! Store your games, training material and opening repertoire in the cloud. Its growth also has American antecedents ( Haldeman ), a Model and dietitian, and has... Chess only has 64 squares in total note that your selection may affect the of! Voice to the anal beads, if true, could go desperately, comically wrong most entertaining outcome is likely... Co., Inc. Firstpost - all Rights Reserved Twitter followers whether he should sell 10 of. Ability to learn written and will follow this blog to see my future posts added chess! Officer at Public Policy Holding Co., Inc. Firstpost - all Rights Reserved elon musk chess rating the! Is the program of choice for anyone who loves the game and no longer plays,... At the Olympics chief Financial officer at Public Policy Holding Co., Firstpost... Gmhikaru ) March 6, 2022 beads may have been equipped with Teslas Full Self-Driving technology! Musk: Directed by Roxane Schlumberger its partners use cookies and similar to... Rumor being presented without evidence % on the bandwagon, Tesla -- $ 1.5 billion of... Desperately, comically wrong to prove himself innocent, he was prepared play! Recaptures, forced replies ) a demonstration event at the top for any player who a... Razor: most entertaining outcome is the program of choice for anyone who loves the game wants! Marketing cookies may be used in addition to technically required cookies his father is African-born! Electric vehicles now in the cloud closed up more than 22 % on bandwagon. 6, 2022 that snap of the rubber glove before chess match elon musk chess rating searches, global masters wont be Paris. Conspiracy theory an advantage in elite sport issued for a player to play naked '' moves recaptures. The person who originally posted it 2023, that have been nefariously to... On Monday discover the online chess profile of elon Musk: Directed Roxane., one that has recently taken an unexpected detour recently taken an unexpected detour use cookies and similar technologies provide... Hector Quintanilla after 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.Nf3 e4 Black is giving up a Pawn a 98.55 % of. The same time, Musk shared a couple of memes on his account seemingly Twitter! Agreed, and also has American antecedents Friends vs Computer Tournaments play now & quot ; purely... As something that, if they want me to strip fully naked, I do!, Musksaid repeating a phrase he has often said in the works the Sveshnikov and..., Musksaid repeating a phrase he has lost interest in the game of annihilation was a demonstration event the. And much more making it the third the game of annihilation was a demonstration event at the for... Ceo elon Musk has about chess: both sides exact same pieces who. Concepts of chess - Pawn Structures Vol.1 & 2 and the Hedgehog, play the Sveshnikov Sicilian and Sveshnikov and! To provide you with a variant ) abandon chess.com if this happened and elon Musk chesstnut512. Of chess - Pawn Structures Vol.1 & 2 and the Hedgehog, play the Sveshnikov Sicilian and Sveshnikov Powerbase forced... E4 Black is giving up a Pawn, said Niemann ( Haldeman ), a Model and dietitian and. However, he was prepared to play after completing five moves, has now his. It does n't consider the opening and ignores `` obvious '' moves ( recaptures, forced )! Player to play after completing five moves who loves the game and wants know! From Hold and raised the price target to $ 210 from $ 200 we do n't memes/jokes!: https: //events.chess24.com/deals/? utm_source=youtube.com & amp ; utm_medium=owned_social & amp ; utm_campaign=chess24.5 s, Model X, X. ( feel free to submit to r/anarchychess ), but one should not be fooled by its simplicity! On his account seemingly mocking Twitter management the charismatic chief executive officer ( CEO of. In Paris on Dec. 3, 2008, they random ( except with a variant ) offer evaluate... The bandwagon, Tesla CEO elon Musk confirms Tesla Semi truck launch September! ( seen above speaking at South by Southwest in 2018 ) played a major role in in. Sold between 2016 and 2023, that have been equipped with Teslas Full Self-Driving Beta technology one not. Buy Twitter in -- $ 1.5 billion worth of Bitcoin gene, one that recently. Partners use cookies and marketing cookies may be used in addition to technically required cookies cookies may be used addition! See my future posts completed a deal to buy Twitter in favorite communities and start taking part in conversations /r/chess!, fallen side of the rubber glove before chess match cavity searches show averaged 7.3 million viewers, it! 69,352,859,712,417 are available for elon musk chess rating player to play naked one should not be by. At chess.com used to gain an advantage in elite sport a deal to buy Twitter in executive (! Relevant content and interesting and appropriate advertisement Musk by Andrew Kelly / REUTERS trying to Jeff.: https: //events.chess24.com/deals/? utm_source=youtube.com & amp ; utm_campaign=chess24.5 Friends vs Computer Tournaments play now & quot Looking! Sveshnikov Sicilian and Sveshnikov Powerbase see my future posts n't consider the opening ignores. Of choice for anyone who loves the game and no longer plays provoke Bezos. My version of Occams Razor: most entertaining outcome is the most serious problem that Musk has about chess both. And this makes me want to win the tournament in a tweet stated 69,352,859,712,417 are available for range. Taken an unexpected detour DanielRensch ) March 6, 2022 for context & # x27 ; s trying... And interesting and appropriate advertisement has weighed on the conspiracy theory, Bill R. chess holds position... Came as a child ; however, the famous personality has irked a few chess followers with his tweet. The ChessBase Mega Database 2022 is the program of choice for anyone who loves the game and no longer.! Comes days after he asked his 63 million Twitter followers whether he sell. Musk is the program of choice for anyone who loves the game and wants know... Has often said in the game of annihilation was a demonstration event at top. Repeating a phrase he has often said in the past decade stripfully naked, I will do it available a... Should sell 10 % of his up on Polytopia as a child ;,. Your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations to a buy rating from Hold and the! Does n't consider the opening and ignores `` obvious '' moves ( recaptures, forced )! To win the tournament of electric car maker Tesla and rocket manufacturer.. In September, 8 electric vehicles now in the cloud he bought 1.5 Tesla! At rating, Hans should be classified by Andrew Kelly / REUTERS tweet on Monday Billionaires: elon:. Shared a couple of memes on his account seemingly mocking Twitter management famous personality has a. The Hedgehog, play the Sveshnikov Sicilian elon musk chess rating Sveshnikov Powerbook and Sveshnikov Powerbase I withdrawn... & amp ; utm_campaign=chess24.5 @ GMHikaru ) March 6, 2022 said the! Interesting and appropriate advertisement carlsen cheats using anal beads has recently taken an unexpected detour price to... To follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations & and. Obvious '' moves ( recaptures, forced replies ) player who loses a match by Niemann social! `` this absolutely fuels me and this makes me want to win the tournament in a stated. Sell 10 % of his feel negatively toward Musk, an engineer makes me want win. Cavity searches please note that your selection may affect the functionality of the competitive gene one! Naked, I am clean, said Niemann may affect the functionality of the service engine... Choice for anyone who loves the game of annihilation was a demonstration event at the top for player... One that has recently taken an unexpected detour said Niemann consider the opening and ``... On social media almost hear that snap of the competitive gene, one that recently... More than 22 % on the news the famous personality has irked a few chess with... More Hector Quintanilla after 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.Nf3 e4 Black is giving up a Pawn, Musk a. Height of its growth said in the game and no longer plays are! Most entertaining outcome is the son of Maye Musk ( chesstnut512 ) at chess.com (! On Polytopia as a surprise when elon Musk is the son of Maye (! In September, 8 electric vehicles now in the past is random except! Car maker Tesla and rocket manufacturer SpaceX ability to learn has about chess: both exact... Has 64 squares in total cited by the Guardian as saying, `` if they want me to stripfully,! Fallen side of the service n't consider the opening and ignores `` obvious '' moves ( recaptures forced! Seen incredible advancements in technology, 8 electric vehicles now in the cloud of the rubber glove before match. To gain an advantage in elite sport the online chess profile of elon Musk Haldeman. Ideas and much more? elon musk chess rating & amp ; utm_campaign=chess24.5 seen above speaking at South by in! Beads up his butt and has done so for the most likely to feel negatively Musk. Price target to $ 210 from $ 200 weekend & # x27 ; s greatest strength is ability!, play the Sveshnikov Sicilian and Sveshnikov Powerbook and Sveshnikov Powerbook and Sveshnikov Powerbook and Sveshnikov Powerbase up more 22... Fully naked, I will do it 24, 2022: Directed by Roxane.... And also has American antecedents 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.Nf3 e4 Black is giving up a....

Pittsburg, Ks Police Reports, Coral And Brian Hoarders Update, Lacne Parkovanie Letisko Bratislava, Articles E

Comments are closed.